BeautifulSoup是一个模块，该模块用于接收一个HTML或XML字符串，然后将其进行格式化，之后遍可以使用他提供的方法进行快速查找指定元素，从而使得在HTML或XML中查找指定元素变得简单。
可参考链接：https://cuiqingcai.com/1319.html
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup html_doc = """The Dormouse's story asdfThe Dormouse's story总共f
Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were Elsfie, Lacie and Tillie;and they lived at the bottom of a well.adsf...
""" soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc, features="lxml")# 找到第一个a标签tag1 = soup.find(name='a')# 找到所有的a标签tag2 = soup.find_all(name='a')# 找到id＝link2的标签tag3 = soup.select('#link2')
安装：pip3 install beautifulsoup4
使用示例：
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup html_doc = """The Dormouse's story ...""" soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc, features="lxml")
1. name，标签名称
# tag = soup.find('a')# name = tag.name # 获取# print(name)# tag.name = 'span' # 设置# print(soup) 2. attr，标签属性
# tag = soup.find('a')# attrs = tag.attrs # 获取# print(attrs)# tag.attrs = {'ik':123} # 设置# tag.attrs['id'] = 'iiiii' # 设置# print(soup) 3. children,所有子标签
# body = soup.find('body')# v = body.children 4. children,所有子子孙孙标签
# body = soup.find('body')# v = body.descendants 5. clear,将标签的所有子标签全部清空（保留标签名）
# tag = soup.find('body')# tag.clear()# print(soup) 6. decompose,递归的删除所有的标签
# body = soup.find('body')# body.decompose()# print(soup) 7. extract,递归的删除所有的标签，并获取删除的标签
# body = soup.find('body')# v = body.extract()# print(soup) 8. decode,转换为字符串（含当前标签）；decode_contents（不含当前标签）
# body = soup.find('body')# v = body.decode()# v = body.decode_contents()# print(v) 9. encode,转换为字节（含当前标签）；encode_contents（不含当前标签）
# body = soup.find('body')# v = body.encode()# v = body.encode_contents()# print(v) 10. find,获取匹配的第一个标签
# tag = soup.find('a')# print(tag)# tag = soup.find(name='a', attrs={'class': 'sister'}, recursive=True, text='Lacie')# tag = soup.find(name='a', class_='sister', recursive=True, text='Lacie')# print(tag) 11. find_all,获取匹配的所有标签
# tags = soup.find_all('a')# print(tags) # tags = soup.find_all('a',limit=1)# print(tags) # tags = soup.find_all(name='a', attrs={'class': 'sister'}, recursive=True, text='Lacie')# # tags = soup.find(name='a', class_='sister', recursive=True, text='Lacie')# print(tags) # ####### 列表 ######## v = soup.find_all(name=['a','div'])# print(v) # v = soup.find_all(class_=['sister0', 'sister'])# print(v) # v = soup.find_all(text=['Tillie'])# print(v, type(v[0])) # v = soup.find_all(id=['link1','link2'])# print(v) # v = soup.find_all(href=['link1','link2'])# print(v) # ####### 正则 #######import re# rep = re.compile('p')# rep = re.compile('^p')# v = soup.find_all(name=rep)# print(v) # rep = re.compile('sister.*')# v = soup.find_all(class_=rep)# print(v) # rep = re.compile('http://www.oldboy.com/static/.*')# v = soup.find_all(href=rep)# print(v) # ####### 方法筛选 ######## def func(tag):# return tag.has_attr('class') and tag.has_attr('id')# v = soup.find_all(name=func)# print(v) # ## get,获取标签属性# tag = soup.find('a')# v = tag.get('id')# print(v) 12. has_attr,检查标签是否具有该属性
# tag = soup.find('a')# v = tag.has_attr('id')# print(v) 13. get_text,获取标签内部文本内容
# tag = soup.find('a')# v = tag.get_text('id')# print(v) 14. index,检查标签在某标签中的索引位置
# tag = soup.find('body')# v = tag.index(tag.find('div'))# print(v) # tag = soup.find('body')# for i,v in enumerate(tag):# print(i,v) 15. is_empty_element,是否是空标签(是否可以是空)或者自闭合标签，
判断是否是如下标签：'br' , 'hr', 'input', 'img', 'meta','spacer', 'link', 'frame', 'base'
# tag = soup.find('br')# v = tag.is_empty_element# print(v) 16. 当前的关联标签
# soup.next# soup.next_element# soup.next_elements# soup.next_sibling# soup.next_siblings ## tag.previous# tag.previous_element# tag.previous_elements# tag.previous_sibling# tag.previous_siblings ## tag.parent# tag.parents
17. 查找某标签的关联标签
# tag.find_next(...)# tag.find_all_next(...)# tag.find_next_sibling(...)# tag.find_next_siblings(...) # tag.find_previous(...)# tag.find_all_previous(...)# tag.find_previous_sibling(...)# tag.find_previous_siblings(...) # tag.find_parent(...)# tag.find_parents(...) # 参数同find_all
18. select,select_one, CSS选择器
soup.select("title") soup.select("p nth-of-type(3)") soup.select("body a") soup.select("html head title") tag = soup.select("span,a") soup.select("head > title") soup.select("p > a") soup.select("p > a:nth-of-type(2)") soup.select("p > #link1") soup.select("body > a") soup.select("#link1 ~ .sister") soup.select("#link1 + .sister") soup.select(".sister") soup.select("[class~=sister]") soup.select("#link1") soup.select("a#link2") soup.select('a[href]') soup.select('a[href="http://example.com/elsie"]') soup.select('a[href^="http://example.com/"]') soup.select('a[href$="tillie"]') soup.select('a[href*=".com/el"]') from bs4.element import Tag def default_candidate_generator(tag): for child in tag.descendants: if not isinstance(child, Tag): continue if not child.has_attr('href'): continue yield child tags = soup.find('body').select("a", _candidate_generator=default_candidate_generator)print(type(tags), tags) from bs4.element import Tagdef default_candidate_generator(tag): for child in tag.descendants: if not isinstance(child, Tag): continue if not child.has_attr('href'): continue yield child tags = soup.find('body').select("a", _candidate_generator=default_candidate_generator, limit=1)print(type(tags), tags) 19. 标签的内容
# tag = soup.find('span')# print(tag.string) # 获取# tag.string = 'new content' # 设置# print(soup) # tag = soup.find('body')# print(tag.string)# tag.string = 'xxx'# print(soup) # tag = soup.find('body')# v = tag.stripped_strings # 递归内部获取所有标签的文本# print(v) 20.append在当前标签内部追加一个标签
# tag = soup.find('body')# tag.append(soup.find('a'))# print(soup)## from bs4.element import Tag# obj = Tag(name='i',attrs={'id': 'it'})# obj.string = '我是一个新来的'# tag = soup.find('body')# tag.append(obj)# print(soup) 21.insert在当前标签内部指定位置插入一个标签
# from bs4.element import Tag# obj = Tag(name='i', attrs={'id': 'it'})# obj.string = '我是一个新来的'# tag = soup.find('body')# tag.insert(2, obj)# print(soup) 22. insert_after,insert_before 在当前标签后面或前面插入
# from bs4.element import Tag# obj = Tag(name='i', attrs={'id': 'it'})# obj.string = '我是一个新来的'# tag = soup.find('body')# # tag.insert_before(obj)# tag.insert_after(obj)# print(soup) 23. replace_with 在当前标签替换为指定标签
# from bs4.element import Tag# obj = Tag(name='i', attrs={'id': 'it'})# obj.string = '我是一个新来的'# tag = soup.find('div')# tag.replace_with(obj)# print(soup) 24. 创建标签之间的关系
# tag = soup.find('div')# a = soup.find('a')# tag.setup(previous_sibling=a)# print(tag.previous_sibling) 25. wrap，将指定标签把当前标签包裹起来
# from bs4.element import Tag# obj1 = Tag(name='div', attrs={'id': 'it'})# obj1.string = '我是一个新来的'## tag = soup.find('a')# v = tag.wrap(obj1)# print(soup) # tag = soup.find('a')# v = tag.wrap(soup.find('p'))# print(soup) 26. unwrap，去掉当前标签，将保留其包裹的标签
# tag = soup.find('a')# v = tag.unwrap()# print(soup) 更多参数官方：http://beautifulsoup.readthedocs.io/zh_CN/v4.4.0/